No better name to describe Super Replicars than the one chosen by its
founders.
SR is a name synonymous to building super car replicas. SR is a car
manufacturer with qualified carbonfibre mixed with kevlar craftsmen who have over thirty years
experience in the carbonfibre mixed with kevlar replica industry.
The motto SR a name you can trust is a slogan our staff stands by with
dignity. Our professional service and devotion of our staff to make better
carbonfibre mixed with kevlar replicas in a shorter time frame gives SR the ability to move
ahead in the 21st century. To compete internationally in this new era of
modern technology of the carbonfibre mixed with kevlar replica industry, SR has had to advance
in quality and efficiency. Today at SR we use some of the world’s most
advance technology to recreate a pattern mould of a new model car that was
just released into the car market. The high technology we use to produce our
replicas gives us the ability to have a wider range of super cars for you to
choose from in the SR Catalog.
In 2008 SR announced their new campaign of going global. SR World is now our
new name. When SR made the giant step to penetrate the international car
market we were faced with new challengers from our competitors. Before SR
was building replicas exclusively for the Latin American car market, but now
we are expanding our production by including Europe, Asia and North America.
Exporting cheaper replica cars around the world does not mean the quality is
compromised in anyway. In fact with low overheads and competitive incomes
measured on the economy of Latin America, SRhas more resources available to
use in improving our technology, giving us the competitive advantage to
expand the range of designs in our replicas. SR uses some of the world’s
best engineers and tradesmen in the industry to create our master pattern
moulds. SR maintains a quality before quantity standard always even when
facing the new challengers of expanding into the global market. Exporting
hasn’t inhibited our ability to create high quality Replica kits with the
best competitive prices.
Thanks to the NAFTA agreement, building SR kits in Latin America means we
can build them at lesser costs. The prices of our SR are measured by the
awarded wages paid to our employees. The rates of income are very different
to those in Europe and North America. In fact even the lifestyle is cheaper
in Latin America than in the Western World. For this reason alone the cost
of building replicas in Latin America is very low compared to the high
salaries and costs of the average Western World employees The average salary
of a Latin American carbonfibre mixed with kevlar worker is US$7.00 a day compared to the
hourly rate of an American carbonfibre mixed with kevlar worker of US$20.00 an hour. The
average American only works 8 hours a day making an expense of US$140.00 a
day. The average Latin American works 10 to 12 hours a day at the expense of
US$7.00 a day. This is why SR World faces greater challengers from our
competitors.
Below is a list of some of the newest SR releases. Now more than ever SR is
expanding their replica development by producing a broader variety of
sports-cars. SRs New Releases 2008 Rolls Royce soft top 2008 Reventon LAMBO
2008 LAMBO Gallardo Spyder (soft top optional) 2008 LAMBO Gallardo
Superleggera (soft top optional) 2008 LAMBO Murcielago (soft top optional)
2008 Porsche Carrera GT (soft top optional)
Executive Summary of NAFTA and how it functions.
This is a brief overview of the opportunities available in Mexico to firms
contemplating overseas production sharing in the form of Mexico's
Maquiladora or "in-bond" program. Important factors which make Maquiladoras
attractive include: • Low cost labor: Wages range from 15% to 25% of
comparable rates in the U.S. Normal work week is 48 hours. Productivity
often exceeds the U.S. rates. (U.S. Bureau of Labor) • Favorable duty/tax
treatment: Southbound, the Mexican government allows duty-free imports of
all materials and machinery needed for the plant. Northbound, many North
American sourced products are now duty free under NAFTA. • 100% Ownership of
subsidiary: Leaves total control for all operations in the hands of the
parent. There are professional services available to handle such matters as
personnel, accounting and import/export management. • Proximity to U.S.:
Lower turnaround times compared to other low labor rate countries, lower
transportation costs, and the ability for managers or skilled technicians to
commute on a daily basis to the Mexican facilities is possible in the border
areas. • Access to the Mexican Market: Maquilas may currently sell up to 55%
of their previous years export output in Mexico's 90 Million person consumer
market.
A Maquiladora or Maquila (used interchangeably) is a plant in Mexico that
retains a Maquiladora Permit from the Mexican government to import raw
materials duty free into Mexico for manufacturing, assembly, repair or other
processing. The foreign company must agree to re-export a majority of its
production. Originally known as the Border Industrialization Program, the
Maquiladora or "in bond" industry was designed to reduce unemployment in the
border regions. Mexico gains over $3 billion in hard currency each year for
its foreign exchange balance, as much as from tourism. Mexico hopes to also
benefit from the technology transfer and training provided by foreign
companies as they integrate with the local economy. Each Mexican
administration has supported the industry with new laws and decrees designed
to streamline the process and increase foreign investment. Maquilas may now
easily sell to other Maquiladoras. Job creation south of the border reduces
immigration pressure and helps strengthen and stabilize the Mexican economy.
There are many jobs created in the U.S. to support and supply the industry,
since over 95% of Maquiladoras' raw materials and machinery are sourced in
the U.S. Mexico's currency was overvalued before the December 1994 financial
crisis. The subsequent free-fall in the value of the peso is now spurring
Maquila growth. NAFTA is also forcing third country (mostly Asian)
manufacturers to establish North American facilities to gain duty free
access to the Mexican Market.
Source: Twin Plant News, U.S. Bureau of Labor Proximity to the world's
largest consumer market, favorable tariff treatment in both directions, and
relative political stability has made Mexico an especially attractive site
for off-shore production and assembly. The Mexican government allows 100%
foreign owned subsidiaries to operate in Mexico. The Mexican government sees
the Maquiladora as a tool for the diversification of Mexican industry– the
first step to economic self-sufficiency. This is an opportunity that cannot
be ignored by any manufacturer with processes that include a significant
labor content.
Article 27, Section 1 of the Mexican constitution disallows the foreign
ownership of land in the "forbidden zone" – that area of land within 100
kilometers of the borders or 50 kilometers from the coasts. Leases were
allowed for a maximum period of ten years. This applied to any company that
did not specifically exclude foreign shareholders. A 1971 law allowed
foreigners to purchase land through a trust called a Fideicomiso with a
Mexican bank. The bank holds the title, while all benefits of ownership are
retained by the foreign owner. The latest Foreign Investment Law passed in
December of 1993, has continued the gradual loosening of restrictions to
foreign ownership. Foreign owned Mexican corporations – even 100% foreign
owned corporations – can now directly purchase commercial and industrial
(non-residential) real estate without requiring a trust. Foreigners may now
directly purchase residential land in the forbiden zone through a
Fideicomiso, with an initial term of 50 years. Under most conditions the
Fideicomiso can be extended for a new 50 year term. Typical costs for
finished industrial pads range from $3.00 to $9.50 per square foot along the
U.S. border. Prices are usually higher than what most foreign companies
expect due to the few sellers and limited land with industrial
infrastructure. Many land lords will only lease, prefering to keep the
property as a patrimony to their decendents.
Almost all of Americas largest and best known companies have some sort of
manufacturing operation or subsidiary in Mexico. These include the auto
industry giants like GM, Ford and Chrysler, and most of their suppliers,
like Champion Sparkplugs and Cooper Tire. Rockwell International, Baxter
Healthcare, IBM, Hughes Aircraft and Black & Decker also manufacture in
Mexico. There are over two thousand U.S. manufacturers directly operating
Maquilas. Japanese companies like JVC, Sharp, Sony, Sanyo, Casio, Kyocera,
Pioneer and Cannon have plants in Tijuana. Taiwanese and Korean
manufacturers like Ichia Rubber, Samsung and Hyundai are also setting up
plants in Mexico. The motivations of these companies are not only the labor
rates but also low tariff access to the U.S. market. Source: SECOFI The
preceding chart shows the Maquila industry's diversity, which has been
steadily increasing over the last few years. The percentages shown are for
number of employees. The Maquila is now an open system, whereby companies
can buy raw materials, components or packaging materials from other Maquilas
or Mexican companies. As more companies enter the Maquila market, the
diversity of materials, services and sub-assemblies available in Mexico
increases,facilitating component sourcing. PC board assemblers, printers,
packaging, safety and industrial parts suppliers, and plastic, metal, and
foam fabricators and molders supply maquilas on a Just-In-Time basis from
nearby contract shops. This will be a major source of cost improvements in
the future for those companies that take advantage of it.
Most maquilas are located in the Mexican border states of Baja California
and Chihuahua. The cities which have attracted the overwhelming majority of
maquilas are Ciudad Juarez across the Rio Grande from El Paso and Tijuana,
San Diego's southerly neighbour. The larger maquilas are typically found in
the Juarez area, whereas there is a large number of small Maquilas in Baja
California. The intensity of Union activity decreases as one heads West
along the border – Tamaulipas unions, on the Eastern seaboard, boasts over
90% control of the maquilas located there, and only 5% of Tijuana's maquilas
are unionized. Some of the other states with significant Maquila activity
include:
The profit associated with moving production to Mexico depends on the
balance between labor cost reduction, tariff and transportation costs and
the fixed cost of the move. There is a continuum of alternatives available
depending on the size and time frame of the operation needed in Mexico and
the specific skills required of the labor force. The general terminology
used for these alternatives is: 1) sub-contract– when the assembler bills on
a per unit basis– 2) shelter – for administrative services with a labor hour
billing scheme, and 3) Wholly owned and operated subsidiary. There are a
continuum of options depending on negotiated contracts. Some wholly owned
subsidiaries contract for certain services such as import/export and
accounting support with traditional 'shelter' companies. Some shelters pass
through many costs . Under the traditional shelter, the U.S. company
supplies capital equipment, raw materials and technology. The shelter
handles start-up permits, basic facilities, labor, customs, accounting,
legal, and transportation on the Mexican side of the border. Different firms
handle these aspects differently. Some will provide a menu of services
including personnel, import/export management, freight forwarding, general
administrative, accounting services or initial permit processing from which
to chose; others will provide only a complete turnkey approach. The cost of
these services are burdened to direct labor hours and charged to the U.S.
firm. These charges are typically between $3.00 and $10.00 per direct labor
hour, depending on the number of workers and the contractual obligations of
the shelter. The shelter can be a fast method of entry into Maquila
production because a manufacturer can focus on establishing the production
process, and can let the shelter handle administrative and start-up issues.
After a few months or sometimes years, the administrative, personnel,
import/export and accounting systems are established and the shelter is no
longer needed. Wholly Owned Subsidiary: This alternative takes the most
time, energy and capital to start-up, but if the commitment is long term or
the number of direct line workers exceeds 100, it is usually the most cost
effective. Fully burdened labor costs in Tijuana range from $1.00 to $3.50
depending on skills required. Different industries and shelter operators
will experience different cost structures, but it is generally agreed that
it is not worth setting up a shelter or subsidiary for less than 15 direct
laborers – the start-up costs and overheads associated with management,
import/export and transportation in Mexico are not worth the savings
attained with such a small direct labor force. As the size of the operation
grows, the wholly owned subsidiary becomes the most economically attractive
way to enter into Mexico. The difficulty of starting a subsidiary has been
steadily decreasing as the Mexican government and institutions have matured.
There is now a Maquila window at SECOFI (Secretary of Commerce and industry)
where many of initial permits can be applied for with just one stop.
The location decision for industrial facilities takes on a special
significance in Mexico. In a macro sense, cities on the border offer
different rewards and problems than interior cities. The border offers easy
access and greater infrastructure but higher labor and land costs. The
interior can be a real bargain for labor and land but at the price of
difficult transportation, infrastructure and communications. The right
choice depends on U.S. market locations, personnel skills requirements,
freight volume, and U.S. based management intensity. In the micro sense,
location within a Mexican market can be even more critical. Proper location
can reduce labor costs as much as 25% and, more importantly, reduce labor
turnover by as much as 75%. The key variables are proximity to worker
housing and industrial density. Workers who can walk to work will accept
lower wages to avoid a commute. They also exhibit greater loyalty to a job
that allows them more time with families. Other significant issues of plant
location are permit status, zoning, and infrastructure availability. Not
every property marketed in Mexico for industrial use has industrial zoning
and not every property can be approved for a Maquila permit by SECOFI and
SEDESOL.* Reliable infrastructure availability is location sensitive as
well. Most facilities in Mexico are constructed on a build to suit basis due
to the lack of bank financing for real estate development. Construction time
is generally 4-7 months depending on the season. The construction period
allows time for the permit process and infrastructure hook-up. Construction
costs for a typical 30,000 square foot shell warehouse range around $15
dollars per foot. Rents in Tijuana range from $0.30-$0.40 per foot on a
shell basis. The quality of construction has improved dramatically in Mexico
in recent years. U.S. style concrete tilt-up buildings are now available in
the major Mexican markets. Prices remain reasonable at levels slightly below
comparable U.S. space. Maquila Properties Lomelin keeps abreast of all
available commercial real estate and can find the best alternatives based on
your site selection criteria. Once the best sites are selected, Maquila
Properties will negotiate the most favorable terms and lowest total
occupancy cost and flexibility.
This is the reason companies come to Mexico. Wages are low in dollar terms.
The regular work week is 48 hours. Productivity is high if management learns
how to effectively deal with the Mexican laborer. It must be recognized that
Mexicans come from a very different cultural background, the types of
incentives used in the U.S. may not be motivating to the typical Mexican
laborer. Mexican family life continues until a relatively advanced age. Many
households include members from three or four generations. Respect for
elders carries to the workplace. Stratification of the different classes of
society is still strong. Titles and position are more important in Mexican
society than in the U.S. Subordinates are not used to being delegated
authority. The use of qualified, experienced Mexican management is of great
help in learning the proper management tools for effective management of our
very different neighbors. There are proffessional recruiting companies that
can help you find just the right management.
Mexican Law establishes the minimum wage as well as fringe benefits. Wage
scales are adjusted periodically and vary by region. The rate is based on a
48 hour work week. In addition to the seven legal holidays, the worker is
entitled to a week vacation paid at a vacation pay rate of 25% more than his
normal pay. After each of the first five years of service, an additional 2
days paid vacation must be granted for each year. A Christmas bonus of 15
days pay must be paid on or before December 20. Overtime pay is twice the
regular rate, and cannot be more than 9 hours per week. Work on Sundays or
holidays are paid at a rate at least 25% higher than the normal wage. A
profit sharing program amounting to at least 10% of pretax profits must
accrue to all employees of 1 year or more. Payroll taxes include INFONAVIT,
a housing tax and mandatory employer contribution to a retirement plan equal
to 5% of the payroll, education tax of 1%, and Social Security tax that
varies between occupations. The Social Security tax averages around 15% and
covers hospitalization, medical care, surgery, unemployment and old age
compensation. There is also a Baja California state tax on incomes. The
total burden is approximately 35% but call your Mexican accountant for the
latest rates in this dynamic system.
Mexican tax is constantly changing. The latest changes are associated with
the 1994 tax treaty between the US and Mexico Periods of hyper-inflation
have strained the governments ability to formulate equitable rules. A recent
method of accelerated cost recovery allows a company to depreciate 51% of
the value of an asset in its first year of use. This asset can no longer be
depreciated after the use of this deduction. This, along with a five year
carry forward of losses allows companies to shield profits very effectively.
Careful tax planning with a top-notch Mexican accountant will pay for itself
many times in the course of your Mexican investment. Here are some of the
most important Mexican tax considerations: Asset Tax. The latest in a series
of taxes designed to reduce tax evasion is the 1989 2% Asset tax. This is a
minimum alternative tax that comes into play when a company pays less than
2% of its asset value in income tax. This tax does not apply in the first
two years of operation and is not currently creditable under the U.S.
foreign tax credit. The value of assets includes the liabilities associated
with the assets. Income Tax. Corporate income tax is progressive up to a
maximum of 34%. I.V.A. (Value Added Tax). A value added tax is imposed on
all sales and imports in Mexico. This tax amounts to 10% of normal sales or
imports. Exports are not taxed. A Maquila can be credited with the IVA that
they have paid to Mexican suppliers when they export. An important aspect of
the Maquila Program is that this allows the Foreign owned company to avoid
the IVA tax upon importation of raw materials and machinery imported
temporarily. The Future The positive factors of the NAFTA for the
Maquiladora industry include a lowering of costs of Mexican sourced
products, reduction in transportation costs, a broader range of financial
and insurance options, and easier access to the Mexican consumer markets.
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